A、Organic fertilizer
Organic fertilizer has more comprehensive nutrients and high organic matter content. At the same time, it can also play a role in loosening the soil and fertilizing the ground. Improve the soil structure, improve crop yield and quality, etc. Therefore, it is loved by farmers and friends. However, there are many kinds of commercial organic fertilizers on the market. Product prices and quality vary. Some farmers have some misunderstandings about the use of organic fertilizer. So,today we will discuss organic fertilizer from raw materials, process, identification, use and other aspects. Therefore,hope to bring you some help.
B、Organic fertilizer standards
With the shrinkage of family farming, the rise of rural flush toilets, farm fertilizer gradually fell out of favor. Subsequently, people apply chemical fertilizers for a long time. Therefore, the following problems emerged: the land fertility decline, soil consolidation, soil deterioration, increased pests and diseases. Commercial organic fertilizers came into being and gradually became mainstream. At present, the one that is used more often in the market is from the company Nagric.
The organic fertilizer nowadays is mostly referred to as commercial organic fertilizer. It is made from various animal wastes and plant residues. Then a treatment technology of physical, chemical, biological or all three is used. Finally, after a certain processing process, the harmful substances in it are eliminated so as to reach the harmless standard. It is a type of fertilizer that meets the relevant national standards and regulations.
C、 Introduction of organic fertilizer raw materials
Common plant-derived organic fertilizer raw materials are as follows.
1、Straw type
There are corn straw, wheat straw, bean straw, rice straw. Contains high cellulose and lignin and other macromolecular substances. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient content is low. It is relatively rare to use this kind of material alone as organic fertilizer. Generally used to increase the organic matter of fermented materials and adjust the carbon to nitrogen ratio. This type of raw material is relatively abundant and inexpensive. But because these materials are mostly in the hands of agricultural engaged in the hands of the retailer, the acquisition of large areas is more difficult. And seasonal strong, year-round production needs to be stocked in advance.
2、Meal
There are soybean meal, cotton meal, castor meal, pepper meal, peanut meal, etc., most of the agricultural processing industry offcuts, are auxiliary materials. Meal as raw materials for organic fertilizer can be described as high-end organic fertilizer. Because most of them are feed grade, raw material cost is high, fermentation and decay should not be controlled.
3、Fungus bran
Commonly known as mushroom residue, mushroom bag. There are golden needle mushroom residue, flat mushroom residue, apricot mushroom residue and so on. Raw material is mostly wine lees, corn cob, rice husk powder, wheat bran, soybean meal and with some nutrients. The bran is high in organic matter, rich in bacterial protein, vitamins, trace elements and growth factors. Do organic fertilizer in fertility effect is better.
4、Common animal-derived organic fertilizer raw materials
Sheep manure, pig manure, cow manure, etc. are better raw materials for organic fertilizer. High organic matter content, but due to the low fiber content, it is not easy to decompose. Use to be fully rotted and fermented, high temperature to kill pest eggs, bacteria and weed seeds.
5、Wine lees industrial waste industrial residues
Wine lees, vinegar lees, cassava residue, sugar residue, furfural residue, lignin residue, ethanol residue, etc., such raw materials market size. It is geographically strong and inexpensive. And the organic matter content is high, and the water content is generally above 60%. When using it, pay attention to the reconciliation of pH, heavy metals.
6、The end of the tobacco stalk
Such materials are high in organic matter, nutrients and sugars. In the main raw material products of organic fertilizer, it has good fertility effect. There is also the effect of inhibiting miscellaneous bacteria, resistance to soil pests. And the price is also relatively low.
7、Medicinal slag
Medicine slag has abamectin slag, cephalosporin slag, tylenol slag, penicillin slag. On the whole, the protein and other nutrient content of the medicine slag is higher, and the price is in the lower middle class. After use, the fertility effect is better. And it can resist other harmful germs. However, the raw material is more mobile, and the stable supply is less.
8、Amino acid residue
High protein content, mostly above 40%. Most have a taste, but also are wet material, the price of the lower middle class. Need to dry and dry, made of organic fertilizer taste heavier, but the fertility effect is good.
9、Other organic fertilizer raw materials
Kitchen waste, sludge, grass ash, volcanic ash, urban sludge, etc. It is worth noting that many poor quality organic fertilizer raw materials also come from this. Municipal sewage sludge: it contains a certain amount of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components. Although this type of raw material costs nothing and the processing cost is very low. However, it has heavy metals and E. coli severely exceeding the standard. It is easy to cause dead roots and dead trees. After people eat the fruit, it is easy to trigger malignant carcinogenesis.
10、Paper mill offcuts
This fertilizer, the main component is lignin. Is extremely difficult to absorb an organic matter. And in the process of papermaking to add in many chemical raw materials. And the vast majority of these raw materials remain in the offcuts, it is very damaging to the soil, the impact on the roots of the tree.
D、Functions of organic fertilizer
1、 Improve the soil, fertilize the ground
When we apply organic fertilizer to the soil, the organic matter can effectively improve the soil, physicochemical condition and biological properties.Mature soil, enhance the soil’s fertilizer supply capacity and buffer capacity. Create good soil conditions for the growth of crops.
2、Increase yield and improve quality
Organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter and various nutrient elements. It can provide nutrition to crops. After decomposing, organic fertilizer provides energy and nutrients for soil microbial activities. It promotes microbial activities and accelerates the decomposition of organic matter. The active substances produced, etc., can promote the growth of crops and improve the quality of agricultural products.
3、Improve the utilization rate of fertilizer
Organic fertilizer contains many nutrients but the relative content is low and slow release. And chemical fertilizer unit nutrient content is high, the composition of less, fast release. The two are applied reasonably together to complement each other. The organic acids produced by the decomposition of organic matter can also promote the dissolution of mineral nutrients in the soil and chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer promote each other, which is conducive to crop absorption and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.
E、Identification of good and bad organic fertilizers
1、Look at the packaging
Look at the formal logo is available. The package has the company name, factory address, telephone, fertilizer registration certificate, expiration date, production date, certificate of compliance, etc.. See if it is an authorized production.
2、Look at the color
High-quality organic fertilizer after a long period of high-temperature fermentation and maturation, the color should be dark brown to black. Poor quality is usually lighter in color.
3、Smell the smell
Smell carefully whether the fertilizer has ammonia, manure smell or sludge smell. Generally speaking, high-quality it has a special sour smell due to thorough decomposition.
4、Water dissolution method
We dissolved the fertilizer with water and then observed. Poor quality fertilizer distribution is uniform, more impurities, sink to the bottom. Evenly distributed is a high-quality water-soluble fertilizer with a saucy color.
5、Hand twisting method
Take organic fertilizer and crush it back and forth with your thumb and index finger. If there is a choking sensation, there is sand or other impurities inside, it is likely to be inferior fertilizer.
6、Do the test
Take a pot of flowers, grab a handful of organic fertilizer and sprinkle it directly on the roots and stems of the flowers, and pour water on it. Good fertilizer will gradually grow white mycelium and promote the growth of the plant. Organic fertilizer of substandard quality will smoke the seedlings and the plants will gradually wilt until they die.
F、Precautions when applying organic fertilizer
In use, the choice of high-quality organic fertilizer is undoubtedly the most important. Also need to pay attention to the following points.
1、Organic fertilizer nutrient imbalance
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content is low, and decomposition in the soil is slow. Although there are more types of nutrients, but it is not as good as the single nutrient chemical fertilizer. So it can’t meet the needs of high yield and high quality of crops. When applying it, you can combine it with the crop’s nutrient requirements, and then apply chemical fertilizer with it. Apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer together to complement each other’s strengths. In terms of quantity and time, to meet the crop’s needs for various nutrients.
2、Organic fertilizers should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers
To avoid causing the volatilization of ammonia and reduce the nutrient content of organic fertilizers. It contains more organic matter, so we should not mix it with nitrate nitrogen fertilizer.
3、Do not use organic fertilizer in excess
Excessive use of organic fertilizer can lead to the following situations Burning seedlings, resulting in a large concentration of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Eventually cause soil nutrient imbalance. Concentration of nitrate ions in the soil, resulting in excessive nitrate salts in the crop. High soil solution concentration, which is not conducive to root uptake.
Sourcing from:https://nagric.com/about-organic-fertilizer/